![]() ![]() It has razed villages that it accuses of supporting the opposition and has bombed hospitals, schools and even a concert. The pandemic, war in Ukraine and uprisings elsewhere have meant that the world has largely stopped paying attention to events in Myanmar, where the military is literally pursuing a scorched earth policy. Many of the 1,700 people who have stood trial have been denied access to lawyers or relatives. The UN human rights chief, Volker Türk, said last Friday that the regime was using the death penalty to crush political opposition, expressing shock that 130 people have been sentenced to death by military courts behind closed doors. The junta has resumed executions for the first time in decades. The number of political prisoners has soared to more than 13,000. Since then, its ruthlessness has only increased. *P<0.05.In February 2021, Myanmar’s army ended its decade-long, grudging tolerance of limited democracy by launching a coup, detaining Aung San Suu Kyi and other elected civilian politicians. Two independent experimental sets were used n = 6–8 mice in each group. CD: control diet AD: atherogenic diet AD+G: atherogenic diet supplemented with gugulipid. (A) Kaplan-Meier survival curve, (B) heart weight, and (C) heart infarct scarring (arrows) in control, atherogenic diet-fed, and gugulipid-treated atherogenic diet-fed mice. *P<0.05.Įffect of gugulipid on lifespan, heart size, and infarct scarring in atherogenic diet-fed male SR-BI KO/ApoER61 h/h mice. ![]() Two independent experimental sets were used, n = 6 in each. (A) Plasma ICAM levels and (B) neutral lipid staining (left) and quantitation (right) of atheromatous lesion size in aortic roots of control and gugulipid-treated atherogenic diet-fed mice. *P<0.05.Įffect of gugulipid on plasma intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) levels and atherosclerosis in atherogenic diet fed male apoE KO mice. (A) Western analysis (upper) and quantitation (lower) of hepatic SR-BI and (B) plasma total cholesterol levels in control atherogenic diet-fed and gugulipid-treated atherogenic diet-fed mice infected with adenovirus encoding murine SR-BI (Ad.SR-BI) or control adenovirus (Ad.E1Δ). ![]() * P<0.05.Įffect of hepatic SR-BI overexpression on plasma cholesterol in gugulipid-treated atherogenic diet-fed male ApoE KO mice. Two independent experimental sets were used n = 6 in each set. (A) Plasma total cholesterol and (B) western blot analysis (left) and quantitation (right) of hepatic LDL-R and SR-BI in control atherogenic diet-fed and gugulipid-treated atherogenic diet-fed mice. * P<0.05.Įffect of gugulipid on plasma cholesterol and hepatic SR-BI and LDL receptor (LDL-R) level in male ApoE KO mice. In each experiment, vascular reactivity was assayed in parallel in one control and one gugulipid-treated mouse n = 6 in each set. Six independent experimental sets were used. In parenthesis is half-maximal effective dose (EC 50) for each condition. (A) Overall aortic contraction induced by KCl, (B) phenylephrine-induced vascular contraction, (C) sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation, and (D) acetylcholine-induced relaxation in control and gugulipid-treated mice. * P<0.05.Įffect of gugulipid on aortic vascular reactivity in male C57BL/6 mice. Two independent experimental sets were analyzed n = 6 in each set. VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein LDL, low-density lipoprotein HDL, high-density lipoprotein. (A) Plasma total cholesterol level, (B) lipoprotein cholesterol distribution, and (C) western blot analysis (left) and quantitation (right) of hepatic SR-BI in control and gugulipid-treated mice. * P<0.05.Įffect of gugulipid on total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hepatic SR-BI level in male C57BL/6 mice. Arrows in (B) indicate enlarged hepatocytes with cytoplasmic tumefaction and vacuolization. (A) Liver weight, (B) hepatic histology, and (C) plasma ALT level in control and gugulipid-treated mice. Other metabolites of the natural resin are also shown in this figure (based on references 16 and 21).Įffect of gugulipid on liver weight and histology and alanine transferase (ALT) level in male C57BL/6 mice. The most studied bioactive compound present in guggul resin is gugulsterone (upper left panel). ![]()
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